The first release candidate of CyanogenMod 9 is now available for about a dozen Android smartphones, including several versions of the Samsung Galaxy S2, Samsung Galaxy S, and LG myTouch.
Update: Builds are continuing to come out for additional devices. Keep checking the download page for updates.
CyanogenMod 9 is based on Google Android 4.0 source code from the Android Open Source Project, but it includes a number of performance tweaks and customization options including lockscreen widgets and themes.
The CyanogenMod team has been testing pre-release builds of CM9 for months, and developers now consider the custom firmware for Android devices stable enough to move to release candidate testing. If no major bugs are discovered, we could see the launch of CM9 stable within the next few weeks.
Ultimately the goal is to support dozens of Android phones and tablets, but right now the release candidate is only available for a handful of those devices. We should see more phones and tablets added to the list soon though.
You can find the latest release candidates for your device from the download page. Tips on rooting your phone, installing a custom recovery and installing CyanogenMod can be found at the official CM devices pages. Note that this will erase all the data on your phone and may void your warranty.